Top 23 FAQ’s About RFID Tag: Best RFID Solution Provider in Dubai
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1. What is RFID?
Radio frequency identification, or RFID, is a generic term for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify people or objects. There are several methods of identification, but the most common is to store a serial number that identifies a person or object, and perhaps other information, on a microchip that is attached to an antenna (the chip and the antenna together are called an RFID transponder or an RFID tag). The antenna enables the chip to transmit the identification information to a reader. The reader converts the radio waves reflected back from the RFID tag into digital information that can then be passed on to computers that can make use of it.
2. What is automatic identification?
Automatic identification, or auto ID for short, is the broad term given to a host of technologies that are used to help machines identify objects. Auto identification is often coupled with automatic data capture. That is, companies want to identify items, capture information about them and somehow get the data into a computer without having employees type it in. The aim of most auto-ID systems is to increase efficiency, reduce data entry errors and free up staff to perform more value-added functions, such as providing customer service. There is a host of technologies that fall under the auto-ID umbrella. These include bar codes, smart cards, voice recognition, some biometric technologies (retinal scans, for instance), optical character recognition (OCR) and radio frequency identification (RFID).
3. Is RFID new?
RFID is a proven technology that’s been around since at least the 1970s. Up to now, it’s been too expensive and too limited to be practical for many commercial applications. But if tags can be made cheaply enough, they can solve many of the problems associated with bar codes. Radio waves travel through most non-metallic materials, so they can be embedded in packaging or encased in protective plastic for weatherproofing and greater durability. And tags have microchips that can store a unique serial number for every product manufactured around the world.
4. Is RFID better than using bar codes?
RFID is not necessarily “better” than bar codes. The two are different technologies and have different applications, which sometimes overlap. The big difference between the two is bar codes are line-of-sight technology. That is, a scanner has to “see” the bar code to read it, which means people usually have to orient the bar code toward a scanner for it to be read. Radio frequency identification, by contrast, doesn’t require line of sight.
RFID tags can be read as long as they are within range of a reader. Bar codes have other shortcomings as well. If a label is ripped or soiled or has fallen off, there is no way to scan the item, and standard bar codes identify only the manufacturer and product, not the unique item. The bar code on one milk carton is the same as every other, making it impossible to identify which one might pass its expiration date first.
5. Will RFID replace bar codes?
It’s very unlikely. Bar codes are inexpensive and effective for certain tasks, but RFID and bar codes will coexist for many years.
6. If RFID has been around so long and is so great, why aren’t all companies using it?
All technologies take time to reach a level of maturity at which standards exist, uses of the technology and its benefits are well understood, systems do what users need them to do and early adopters prove the solutions work. Bar codes were invented in the 1950s. The first bar code was scanned in a store in 1974, and it took almost a decade more for the technology to be widely adopted.
RFID technologies have been going through a normal evolutionary process and are clearly nearing the level of maturity at which they can be widely adopted. Standards exist for passive HF and UHF systems, and work is being done to establish industry practices for how to apply these standards. Major companies in a wide variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, industrial manufacturing, health care, logistics and retail, have proved the technology can deliver major benefits.
7. What has prevented RFID from taking off until now?
There are well-developed standards for low- and high-frequency RFID systems, and these technologies are widely used. For instance, LF tags are used to track livestock around the world. HF is used in access control systems for buildings, ticketing applications, and automobile immobilizers. UHF is relatively new. The first UHF products didn’t reach the market until 2003, and the first ISO standard was not introduced for UHF until 2005. Another issue with UHF has been performance. Early tags were not always read reliably around water and metal, but the technology has improved greatly over the past few years. And finally, there have not been software solutions that take advantage of RFID data to solve business problems in specific industries. This is also starting to change, with more software solutions being introduced every year.
8. In what ways are companies using RFID today?
Thousands of companies around the world use RFID today to improve internal efficiencies. Club Car, a maker of golf carts uses RFID to improve efficiency on its production line (subscribers, see Golf Car Maker Scores with RFID). Paramount Farms one of the world’s largest suppliers of pistachios uses RFID to manage its harvest more efficiently (see Farm Harvests RFID’s Benefits). NYK Logistics uses RFID to improve the throughput of containers at its busy Long Beach, Calif., distribution center (see Logistics Gets Cheaper by the Yard). And many other companies are using RFID for a wide variety of applications provided by RFID Companies in Dubai.
9. What are some of the most common applications for RFID?
RFID is used for everything from tracking cows and pets to triggering equipment down oil wells. It may sound trite, but the applications are limited only by people’s imagination. The most common applications are payment systems (Mobil Speedpass and toll collection systems, for instance), access control and asset tracking. Increasingly, retail, apparel, aerospace, defense, manufacturing, consumer packaged goods and pharmaceutical companies are looking to use RFID to track goods within their supply chains. Health care providers, energy producers and construction companies are using active RFID system to track large equipment, tools and vehicles.
10. What have the initial benefits of RFID technology been?
RFID technology can deliver benefits in many areas, from tracking work in process to speeding up throughput in a warehouse. As the technology becomes standardized, it will be used more and more to track goods in the supply chain. The aim is to reduce administrative error, labor costs associated with scanning bar codes, internal theft, errors in shipping goods and overall inventory levels.
11. What information is stored on RFID tags?
The tags most companies are planning to use in the supply chain in the short term and in consumer packaging in the long term will contain only an Electronic Product Code. The EPC will be associated with data in online databases. Some information about the item might be accessible to anyone-such as what the product is-but other information, such as where it was made and when-will be accessible only to those whom the manufacturer wants to make the information available to. So Wal-Mart will not have access to data about products sold by Target and vice versa.
12. Will governments be able to use RFID to spy on people?
If companies choose to put RFID tags in clothes and items consumers carry around, such as wallets, and consumers choose not to kill the tags in these items, it might be possible for governments to use RFID tags for surveillance. But they would have to have access to the database of information related to the tags’ EPCs, and it would be easy for individuals to avoid being tracked. RFID readers must emit radio waves to read tags. The signals from a reader can easily be detected and blocked.
13. Are there laws governing the use of RFID?
Many existing privacy laws cover the use of data collected by RFID systems, as well as bar codes and other systems. Some U.S. states have enacted or considered enacting new laws dealing with issues particular to RFID, such as the surreptitious scanning of tags by retailers or those with criminal intent. Washington introduced HB 1031 (the Electronic Bill of Rights), imposing rules on how companies could deploy RFID and retain personal information gathered via the technology, but this bill was returned to the House Rules Committee (see Washington’s RFID Bill Halted).
Michigan has created a payment incentive program to help ameliorate the cost to farmers, while still ensuring that the majority of livestock is tagged. Michigan has mandated the use of RFID tags to identify cattle, and more than a dozen other states have introduced laws limiting attempts to require RFID use for livestock. Wisconsin has no intention to mandate animal identification, but has offered an incentive program similar to Michigan’s (see Wisconsin Ups RFID-Adoption Incentives for Cattle Growers).
New Hampshire’s House of Representatives approved HB-203, requiring warning labels on consumer goods and identity documents containing RFID tags or other tracking devices, as well as regulating the use of RFID for tracking individuals, and establishing a commission on the use of tracking devices in government and business. The bill was sent to the N.H. Senate to be assigned a hearing committee (see N.H. Reps Approve ‘Tracking Device’ Bill). And California proposed SB 768 (the Identity Information Protection Act of 2006), which would have been the first state bill to address how RFID technology could be used in government identification documents. Calif. Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, however, vetoed the bill (see Calif. Gov Terminates RFID ID Bill). Most countries outside the United States have not yet passed such laws.
14. Why are companies so keen to use RFID if it is not to gain more information on consumers?
RFID could dramatically improve efficiency in the supply chain and reduce waste. If it can reduce the times products are not on the shelf when consumers want to buy they, it could also increase sales.
15. What kind of data do companies wants to collect?
Companies are interested in using RFID in the supply chain. The main goal is to use it to make sure they have products on the shelves when companies want to buy them. It’s envisioned that “smart shelves” shelves with RFID readers in them will alert staff when inventory is running low. There is also hope that RFID can be used to reduce theft by alerting staff when there is unusual shelf activity such as when someone grabs a dozen tubes of lipstick or razors.
16. Will RFID enable companies to keep track of what consumers buy?
There are very few items with RFID tags in them today, so it is not clear exactly what information companies will collect. But it’s likely that any information companies collect using RFID will be similar to what they glean today when consumers buy items using a credit card or a loyalty card. It’s envisioned that the packaging of products will have an RFID tag that contains an Electronic Product Code-a unique serial number that identifies the manufacturer, product type and a series of numbers that identifies that unique item.
Companies will use this number to track products through the supply chain. It’s important to be able to tell one carton of milk from another in the supply chain because they have different expiry dates. But there is little benefit to knowing which specific items customers by. Companies want to know the types of items people buy, so they can sell those customers other items that match their taste. RFID Companies in UAE can already get this information from barcodes.
17. Could a criminal build an illegal, high-powered reader and scan all the items in homes to choose which ones to rob?
That’s very unlikely. For a reader to read passive tags through the walls of a home from the street, the power output would have to be so high that the popcorn in the cupboard would start popping. In addition, the criminal would obtain only a string of serial numbers, which might have no meaning unless it were a truly sophisticated criminal with access to EPC databases. And looking in windows would probably be a cheaper and more effective way of figuring out whether there are items in a house worth stealing.
18. Are there any health risks associated with RFID and radio waves?
Some have questioned whether electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated by power lines, mobile phones, WLANs, RFID readers and other wireless devices may be harmful to human health. The World Health Organization’s research, as well as many other scientific studies, have shown that EMF exposure below the limits recommended in internationally adopted guidelines has not revealed any known negative health effects. To ensure a uniform benchmark for compliance, EPCglobal recommends adhering to the human exposure limits for EMF as developed by the International Consortium on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and recommended by the WHO.
19. Will RFID lead to massive layoffs of workers?
RFID technology is a laborsaving technology, so it’s likely that some tasks will be automated through the use of RFID. Fewer workers will be needed to scan bar codes. But the transition from bar codes to RFID could take a decade or more, so it is unlikely that RFID will lead to wide-scale displacement of workers. The technology will likely create new jobs, just as Internet technologies creating new jobs, from Web developers to warehouse workers managing inventory for online stores such as Amazon.com. The jobs that will be affected by RFID are those that involve scanning bar codes. Most of those jobs also have other components, such as moving products or restocking shelves. Those jobs will not go away because of RFID.
20. How can RFID improve worker safety?
RFID has the potential to improve worker safety by ensuring that only qualified people operate equipment or enter hazardous areas of a facility. Machinery can be set up so it will not operate if someone without training identifies themselves to a reader tied into to the equipment’s ignition. An RFID access control system can set up to require workers to wave a badge to gain entry to areas of a facility. Software on the back end can then be used to prevent workers without authorization from entering certain areas, including those that could be dangerous. BP has also experimented with using employee badges with embedded RFID transponders to locate workers within a facility in the event of an emergency. All of these systems can help prevent injuries to workers on the job.
21. How can RFID improve promotional and marketing incentives?
Companies such as Kimberly-Clark, Procter & Gamble and many others are using RFID to track the location of promotional displays in the supply chain and within RFID-enabled stores. By knowing that promotional displays are not where they need to be, these companies can proactively work with retailers to get displays out, thereby increasing sales.
RFID also has the potential to improve in-store marketing by enabling retailers to advertise to shoppers depending on where they are in the store. Shopping carts with smart terminals containing an RFID reader can read tags on shelves and, say, promote beer on sale when the consumer is in front of the beer section in the store. In the future, when more individual products are tagged, some envision readers in carts identifying products and pitching related items. For instance, when a customer places lettuce in a cart, the smart terminal might flash an ad for salad dressing.
22. Can RFID tags be read from satellites?
Passive RFID tags, the kind companies are talking about using one day on consumer products, can’t be read from more than 20 feet or so. Active RFID tags, which use a battery to broadcast a signal and are used on cargo containers and other large assets, could be read from a satellite if there is little RF “noise” (ambient RF energy that causes interference) and the broadcasted signal is powerful enough.
23. From how far away can a typical RFID tag be read?
The distance from which a tag can be read is called its read range. Read range depends on a number of factors, including the frequency of the radio waves uses for tag-reader communication, the size of the tag antenna, the power output of the reader, and whether the tags have a battery to broadcast a signal or gather energy from a reader and merely reflect a weak signal back to the reader. Battery-powered tags typically have a read range of 300 feet (100 meters).
These are the kinds of tags used in toll collection systems. High-frequency tags, which are often used in smart cards, have a read range of three feet or less. UHF tags-the kind used on pallets and cases of goods in the supply chain-have a read range of 20 to 30 feet under ideal conditions. If the tags are attached to products with water or metal, the read range can be significantly less. If the size of the UHF antenna is reduced, that will also dramatically reduce the read range. Increasing the power output could increase the range, but most governments restrict the output of readers so that they don’t interfere with other RF devices, such as cordless phones.
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Yes, its true, the labelling and packaging determines the quality of the product and bar coding is essential to store the necessary information. Any organisation that carries an inventory of products has a need to maintain accurate information on the movements of all these items to better serve its customers and run a profitable business.